Sri Sathya Sai On: True Significance of Yajna in Vedic Culture

The Poornahuti of the Veda Purusha Saptaha Jnana Yajna on Vijaya Dashmi Day

The Veda Purusha Saptaha Jnana Yajna, being celebrated every Dasara at Prasanthi Nilayam, is a rite that promotes the welfare and prosperity of the whole of mankind. But, it is difficult to convince doubters and disbelievers that this is the truth. Many feel that since such Vedic ceremonies can be performed in orthodox style, with all the Mantras uttered in correct style, only in India, their efficiency, if any, is confined to this land only, and so, they ask, how can this be beneficial in other regions where people have no faith in such rituals and hymns? 

Such doubters restrict the meaning of the word, Yajna. Yajna means, 'any activity dedicated to the glory of God,' not merely, this activity prescribed in the ancient scriptures. Activity dedicated to the glory of God is being done, and can be done in all climes, in all realms, by all races. The 'dedication' ensures success. Without it, there will inevitably arise anxiety, fear and faction. Every activity in the world is God-directed, God-ward moving, whether you know it or not. Only one has to be aware of it and share in the thrill of that knowledge. If God is not the inspirer and motivator, how can the Universe be moving in harmony, wheeling so smoothly? Else, there will be chaos, anarchy and an inferno of gamble.

Charity and self-control are integral parts of Yagna

Do not think that the Yajna is only this ceremony performed in this enclosure, marked out as especially holy, attended by readings and recitals from sacred texts and the chanting of Vedic hymns, and nothing other than this. No. Yajna is a continuous process; everyone who lives in the constant presence of God, and does all acts as dedicated to God is engaged in Yajna.

Three processes go together in spiritual discipline, as laid down by the sages: Yajna, Dana and Tapas (Sacrifice, Charity and Self-control). They cannot be partitioned and particularised thus. Charity and self-control are integral parts of yagna. That is why Yajna is translated as Sacrifice, for, the process of charity or Dana is essential in yajna. Also Tapas, that is to say, strict regulation of emotions and thought-processes, to ensure peace and faith.

There are various yajnas prescribed by the Vedas. This is the Veda Purusha Yajna, a sacrificial ceremony dedicated to the Purusha extolled in the Vedas, the Purusha mentioned in the Purusha Sukta as constituting the Universe and subsuming it wholly as the limbs of His Cosmic Body.

Every house-holder has the duty of performing for his own welfare and the welfare of the society in which he lives, five Yajnas like Pitru Yajna (Yajna by which the forefathers are worshipped), Rishi Yajna (Yajna by which the sages are honoured, that is to say, by the study and practice of their teaching), Bhoota Yajna (Yajna by which the animals and lower-beings are revered, that is to say, by provision of shelters, fodder, etc.) and Deva Yajna (worship of God).

Sri Sathya Sai presiding over the Yajna at Prasanthi Nilayam as Veda Purusha

The Veda Purusha is the Purushottama (the Supreme Person) for by His Will He manifested Himself as the cosmos and its components, out of Himself. There is nothing that is not He; so, how can you be different? In these matters, faith comes first; it has to. Believe that you are Divine; conduct yourselves in accordance with that sovereign status; then, you will be blessed with the Anubhuti – the experience, the vision, the realisation, the awareness, the bliss. And, as a result, you are merged in that everlasting Ananda.

The only one God can be reached by a thousand Names

Remember, you cannot have the Anubhava (experience) and the Ananda (Bliss) first. And, you cannot postpone faith, until you get them. You cannot bargain: "Give me the Ananda and then, I shall have faith." See the Purushottama in all purushas. Purusha means, he who lives in the Pura (port, city, or town). Each one of us is the resident and the sole resident of a distinct house of God. But, the Purushottama - the Supreme Resident in all the cities is God. You can recognise this Purushottama, if you educate yourselves properly.

Take this Yajna performed here. In this One Fire, offerings are made concurrently with the recitation of the names of God, enclosed in elaborate hymns. More than 3,560 offerings are made each day, for seven days. Each name describes God as having a special form. But this One Fire consumes all the offerings, and through its intermission every one of the offerings reaches the One God, the One that really IS.

Or, consider this: you perform worship with 1,008 Names, a rite called Sahasranaama Archana. You keep an idol or picture before you and offer one flower at a time at the feet of that symbol of God, repeating the names, one at a time. The one symbol of the One God is only One, though He can be reached by a thousand names.

Though you are acknowledging only One in all these rites, proclaiming the One Advaitic (non-dualistic) Divine, your sense and your intellect and your mind, its pack of desires, insist on running after the Many. This is the Maya (delusion) that casts its enchantment on weak and ignorant men. It urges man towards wild prolific greed of the many-faced senses.

When you take food, do it in a prayerful mode

To realise the One, the Universal Absolute, which personalises itself into God and Creation, there is no discipline more valuable and more effective than Seva. All the 1,008 Names of the Sahasranama Archana reach the One. All the 1,000 names of thousand-faced society connote only the One God that plays in those 1,000 roles. The One appears as if it is enshrined in the 1,000 bodies. This is the truth you have to realise and cherish as the most precious in life.

You have observed that the Vedic Pandits (priestly scholars) are pouring ghee into the Fire, every time the recitation of a hymn is over. Every day, when you take food, you are offering eatables to the Fire that God has lit in you to digest food. You have to eat in a prayerful mode, in profound gratitude. The Geeta says that the fire which cooked the meal is God, the meal is God, the eater is God, the purpose of eating is to carry on the work entrusted by God or pleasing to God, and that the fruit of that work is, progress towards God.

You must perform another Yajna too, every day. Pour the egoistic desires and emotions, passions, impulses and acts into the flames of dedication and devotion. In fact, that is real Yajna, of which these are reflections and prompters, guides and prototypes. This Yajna is only the concrete symbolic representation of the abstract underlying Truth. Just as a child is taught to pronounce the words, head, net, wave, garland, by making it associate the sounds and the letterforms with pictures of the objects so named, through this Kshara (temporary) symbol the Akshara Tattva (the Eternal Principle) is brought before the consciousness.

Make every thought a longing for God

The commencement of the Veda Purusha Saptaha Jnana Yajna at Prasanthi Nilayam

This Puja, this Yajna, and this Homa, are arranged here every Dasara, in order to help you to learn that other, ever-lasting, abstract Yajna, which every one of you has to do, to save yourselves from fear, grief and anxiety. You must have noticed that the Pandits close each day's Yajna with a prayer that calls for World Peace, peace for all mankind, peace and happiness, for there can be no peace without happiness and no happiness without peace. Loka Samastha Sukhino Bhavantu, they pray. "May all the world have happiness, and peace". 

Peace of mind cannot be gained by wealth or fame or scholarship or skill. For that, you have to clean the mind, purify the heart, yearn for service of the divine forms that move around you. Do every deed as an act of worship; make every thought a longing for Him; change every word that comes from your tongue into a hymn in His praise. This is the lesson that you have to learn from Prasanthi Nilayam, every Dasara, during the week the Yajna is celebrated.

Source: Divine Discourse during the Navaratri Festival – October 11, 1972, Prasanthi Nilayam.